ASSIGNMENT REFERENCE MATERIAL (2017-18) O.S.S.-101 Free Solved Assignmnet

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ASSIGNMENT REFERENCE MATERIAL (2017-18) O.S.S.-101 Free Solved Assignmnet

PREPARATORY COURSE IN SOCIAL SCIENCES

FREE ASSIGNMENT

SECTION–I

Answer all the questions in about 200 words each. Each question carries 10 marks.

Q1. What is ‘regionalism? List down the major economic factors responsible for regionalism in India.

Ans. Regionalism is desire and movements by people living in a defined territory and having a feeling of solidarity, against felt injustice, discrimination or neglect of their region. Regionalism can be of two varieties: Socio-culture or politico-administrative.

Economic factors

In a way, the economic component is the crux of regionalism. In Indian situation there are three aspects of economic problem: (a) slow development, (b) regional imbalances and (c) paradoxes of adopted path of development.

During independence struggle, the people were fed on the idea that all their suffering and miseries were due to foreign rule and once the British would leave the country there would begin an era of plenty. All their sufferings would then come to an end. On the basis of this promise, people in general gave their total support to the nationalist leadership and the dominant party. However, in spite of many achievements, India still has not attained the leve1 of development that can fulfill minimum basic needs of all.

Q2. Explain the concept of ‘Fundamental Rights’. List down the six Fundamental Rights enshrined in the Constitution of India.

Ans. The Fundamental Rights the Constitution affirms the basic principle that every citizen is entitled to the enjoyment of certain rights. These rights include all the basic liberties such as freedom of speech, movement and association, equality before law and equal protection of law, freedom of belief, and cultural educational freedoms.

  1. Right to Equality: There are five Articles dealing with the right to equality. Article 14 deals with equality before law and equal protection of law. Article 15 prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth. The state is empowered to make special provisions for women and children. Equality of opportunity is guaranteed under Article 16. The Commitment of the Constitution to eradicate untouchability finds emphasis in Article 17 that abolishes untouchability and makes its practice in any form an offence punishable in accordance with law. Article 18 lays down that no title, not being a military or academic distinction, shall be conferred by the State.
  2. Right to Freedom: All citizens have the right: (a) to freedom of speech and expression; (b) to assemble peaceably and without arms; (c) to form association or unions; (d) to move freely throughout the territory of India; (e) to reside and settle in any part of the territory of India: and (f) to practice any profession, or to carry on any occupation, trade or business.
  3. Right Against Exploitation: The constitution provides that no person who is arrested is to be detained in custody without being informed (as soon as possible) of grounds of such arrest. As a part of Right to Freedom, the Constitution also guarantees rights against exploitation by prohibiting traffic in human beings.

Q3. Discuss the role of civil society in upliftment of the socio-economic condition of the marginalized people in society.

Ans. The role of civil society in the upliftment of the socio-economic condition of the marginalized people in society may be understood in the light of two examples documented by Oommen (2001). The first example is of the pulaya caste (in Kerala) the members of which were treated as untouchables and several as slaves till the late nineteenth century. The pulayas organized themselves into a caste association that came to be known as Sadhujana Paripalana Sangham (SPS) in 1907. The SPS fought for equality and in 1907 itself, the government agreed to allow children of pulaya caste (who had been earlier denied admission because they were considered untouchable) to government schools.

Q4. Can social reality be interpreted objectively? Discuss.

Ans. Social sciences deal with different aspects of human society and interpersonal relationships among people in society. Often, the conclusions that social scientists draw are said to be too general and of common sense understanding. This happens because social sciences deal with society and social issues like marriage, Caste, family etc. of which most people are aware. The common people form opinions about them. However, insight and understanding of social scientists is not mere common sense. Social science studies are well planned, systematic and based on specialized knowledge of its different components. For example, many of us are familiar with some of the medicines for common fever; but this knowledge does not qualify us to practice as a professional doctor. We do not know the nature, types and consequences of fever on the body and the methods and techniques of doing proper diagnosis.

Q5. Explain the social manifestation of industrialization.

Ans. The very process of capitalist expansion was such that it created major upheavals in the social life of mankind. Industrial production required the mobilization and concentration of potential workers at one place. This and the requirement of a market led to huge migrations from rural areas into the cities. Those who left the villages did not just leave their places, they left their whole world behind, which was eventually irretrievably lost to them. Their natural ties (of family, caste, clan, village, religion, community, language) began to be loosened and eroded. It was like leaving the familiarity and coziness of their ‘cultural nests’ and landing in unfamiliar surroundings and places that were alien to them. The cultural nests or cozy cocoons that were abandoned were also gradually eroded. The community lives that these men and women shared were gradually replaced by a different type of life in which they lived not as members of the old community but as individuals – members of an atomized, anonymous mass society. The hardships and brutalities of this life were noticed and commented upon by philosophers like Karl Marx and novelists like Charles Dickens.

SECTION–II

Q1. The process of mobilization of a group of people who share common attributes in terms of culture, language, religion, history etc. is called

  1. Ethnic Assertion
  2. Caste
  3. Class
  4. Social Mobility

Ans. Ethnic Assertion

Q2. Who proposed the concept of ‘culture of poverty’?

  1. Robert Redfield
  2. Oscar Lewis
  3. Boris Yeltsin
  4. Bill Clinton

Ans. Oscar Lewis

Q3. Crude Birth Rate is defined as number of births taking place in a year

  1. per 100 population
  2. per 10,000 population
  3. per 1000 population
  4. per 5000 population

Ans. per 1000 population

Q4. Jati is

  1. a gender-based category
  2. a racial category
  3. an administrative category
  4. an occupational category

Ans. an occupational category

Q5. Which article of the Indian Constitution abolishes untouchability?

  1. Article 17
  2. Article 16
  3. Article 15
  4. Article 14

Ans. Article 17

Q6. Power to proclaim emergency in India is vested with the

  1. President
  2. Vice-President
  3. Prime Minister
  4. Home Minister

Ans. President

Q7. In which year did the Indian Sepoys of the British East India Company’s army raise the banner of revolt for the first time?

  1. 1954
  2. 1955
  3. 1956
  4. 1857

Ans. 1857

Q8. Which of the following is a Fundamental Right of Indian citizens?

  1. Right to Exploitation
  2. Right to Inequality
  3. Right to Freedom of Religion
  4. Right to Discrimination

Ans. Right to Exploitation

Q9. Kshatriya ruling lineages combined to form

  1. Rajyasanghas
  2. Loksanghas
  3. Ganasabhas
  4. Ganasanghas

Ans. Ganasanghas

Q10. Which Act allowed the British government to arrest any person without any trial, aiming to curb the national movement?

  1. Rowlatt Act
  2. Khilafat Act
  3. Khadi Act
  4. Swaraj Act

Ans. Rowlatt Act

Q11. ‘Primary Sector’ incorporates all activities that are

  1. Land or animal centered
  2. Technology Centered
  3. Communication Centered
  4. Industry Centered

Ans. Land or animal centered

Q12. Labour Force is defined to include

  1. Both employed and unemployed people
  2. Only employed people
  3. Only unemployed people
  4. Neither employed nor unemployed people.

Ans. Both employed and unemployed people

Q13. Lack of development by some states/regions in the country as opposed to impressive progress achieved by other states or regions is referred to as:

  1. Regional Balance
  2. Regional Imbalance
  3. Regionalism
  4. Differentiation

Ans. Regional Imbalance

Q14. A level of income that is just enough to meet the food requirements of a person is called.

  1. Affluence line
  2. Integration line
  3. Poverty line
  4. Food line

Ans. Poverty line

Q15. The liberalized economic policy of the Indian government lifted many restrictions on:

  1. Industries and foreign trade
  2. Horticulture
  3. Entertainment
  4. Immigration

Ans. Industries and foreign trade

Q16. Which of the following causes soil erosion?

  1. Solar energy
  2. Deforestation
  3. Dense forests
  4. Low intensity surface winds

Ans. Deforestation

Q17. Size of the population or community that can be supported by the resources available in the ecosystem is referred to as:

  1. Greenhouse effect
  2. Carrying capacity
  3. Life expectancy
  4. Ecology

Ans. Carrying capacity

Q18. Which Indian national leaders formed the Swaraj Party?

  1. C R Das and Motilal Nehru
  2. Jawaharlal Nehru and Motilal Nehru
  3. C R Das and Chandra Shekhar Azad
  4. Lala Lajpat Rai and Chandra Shekhar Azad

Ans. C R Das and Motilal Nehru

Q19. When the council of Ministers in a state is dismissed, the administration of the state is run by

  1. Chief Minister
  2. Prime Minister
  3. Governor
  4. President

Ans. Governor

Q20. Polyandry refers to the practice of

  1. A woman marrying more than one man
  2. A woman marrying one man
  3. A man marrying more than one woman
  4. A man living with his parents

Ans. A woman marrying more than one man

Q21. Statements that provide information to the public on various services offered by government or public agencies are called:

  1. Citizen Charters
  2. Right to Information
  3. Public Statements
  4. Public Charters

Ans. Citizen Charters

Q22. Gram Sabha consists of all adults who are registered

  1. as voters in the electoral rolls of the village
  2. as teachers in village schools
  3. in employment exchange
  4. in census of the country

Ans. As voters in the electoral rolls of the village

Q23. NREGA guarantees employment of

  1. 120 days in a year
  2. 100 days in a year
  3. 365 days in a year
  4. 200 days in a year

Ans. 100 days in a year

Q24. Who identified bourgeoisie and proletariat as two classes in a capitalist society?

  1. Max Weber
  2. Amartya Sen
  3. Karl Marx
  4. Emile Durkheim

Ans. Karl Marx

Q25. In which year did economic planning in the form of Five Year Plans begin in India:

  1. 1950
  2. 1951
  3. 1960
  4. 1961

Ans. 1951

 

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